Differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast calcification by quantitative measurement of gray value on contrast-enhanced spectral mammography / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the value of gray value (GV) measurement of subtraction images in contrast-enhanced spectral mammography (CESM) in the differential diagnosis of breast benign and malignant calcification.Methods:This was a retrospective study. A total of 95 patients received CESM only with mammographic calcifications without any associated mass or distortions from March 2017 to July 2021 in Peking University Cancer Hospital were enrolled. The patients were all female with an average age of 34-76(48±7) years. The craniocaudal (CC) projection of bilateral breasts was obtained prior to the mediolateral-oblique (MLO) projection. Two radiologists were asked to independently review the images to diagnose the calcification as either benign or malignant based on the presence of enhancement on subtracted imaging. GV of the calcification and background parenchyma including breast parenchyma tissue, the pectoralis major muscle and subcutaneous fatty tissue were measured by another two radiologists. The difference of lesion to background parenchyma GV (D GV) and lesion to background parenchyma gray value ratio (DR GV) were calculated. The consistency of observers was compared using the Kappa statistic. The stability of GV was evaluated with coefficient of variation. Differences of GV, D GV and DR GV between benign and malignant calcification were compared using t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the efficacy of GV in differentiating benign from malignant calcification. Comparisons between diagnostic efficacies were performed using χ 2 tests. Results:Totally 97 calcification (35 malignant and 62 benign) from 95 patients were enrolled. The consistency and stability of GV values on MLO and CC projections measured by two physicians were high. The GV, D GV and DR GV of malignant calcification were significantly higher than those of the benign lesions ( P<0.05). The area under the ROC curve for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant calcification by GV in the MLO and CC positions was 0.799 and 0.843, respectively. Threshold of calcified area GV=2015.5 in CC position, its diagnostic accuracy was 76.8%, which was similar to the subjective diagnosis of radiologists (82.1%, 78/95, P>0.05). Conclusion:Quantitative GV on subtracted imaging of CESM can differentiate benign from malignant breast calcification, especially on craniocaudal projection.

Phylogenetic analysis of chloroplast genome of Tussilago farfara L / 药学学报

italic>Tussilago farfara L. is a perennial herb of Tussilago genus in the Compositae family. Its dried buds and leaves have good biological activities and have a long history of medicinal use in China and Europe. In this paper, we investigated the whole chloroplast genome characteristics, sequence duplication, structural variation and phylogeny of the Tussilago farfara L. After sequencing the Tussilago farfara L. chloroplast genome using Illumination technology, the complete Tussilago farfara L. chloroplast genome was further obtained by assembly and annotation, followed by a series of inverted repeat-large single copy/small single copy region contraction and expansion analysis, genome sequence variation, etc. The sequences of 13 homologous plants downloaded from NCBI were used to construct a neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree. The results showed that the total GC content of the chloroplast genome was 37.4% and the length was 150 300 bp; 125 genes were annotated, including 82 protein-coding genes, 35 tRNAs and 8 rRNAs; 148 (simple sequence repeats, SSR) loci were detected, and the relative synonymous codon usage showed that 31 codons out of 64 codons had a usage of >1. In the phylogenetic analysis, the chloroplast genomes of the seven species of Asteraceae, including the Yulin Tussilago farfara L., were highly conserved, and the sequence variation of the (large single-copy, LSC) and (small single-copy, SSC) regions was higher than that of the (inverted repeat, IR) region. This is in general agreement with the reported phylogeny of Yulin Tussilago farfara L. In this study, we obtained a high quality chloroplast genome and analyzed its genome characteristics, codon preference, SSR characteristics, SC/IR boundary, sequence variation and phylogeny, which can provide a basis for species identification, genetic diversity analysis and resource development of this medicinal plant.

Application value of modified magnetic bead screening for enrichment of cell-free fetal DNA from maternal peripheral blood in non-invasive prenatal testing / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the value of modified magnetic bead screening for enrichment of cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT).Methods:This study retrospectively recruited 31 cases with low concentration of cffDNA (<6.00%), Z value in the gray zone (3.00-4.00) at the first detection, or false-positive (confirmed by invasive prenatal diagnosis) or false-negative (confirmed by postnatal chromosome test) results among 11 000 pregnant women who underwent routine NIPT in Beijing Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from October 2017 to December 2019. Plasma samples collected for the first-time routine NIPT were used to enrich cffDNA using modified magnetic beads for NIPT (modified NIPT). Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare the modified NIPT with the routine NIPT in detecting the cffDNA concentrations of male fetuses.Results:Among the 31 pregnant women, there were 13 cases with low cffDNA concentration in routine NIPT, 11 having false-positive results in the routine NIPT (three for trisomy 13, four for trisomy 18 and four for trisomy 21, all were confirmed by invasive prenatal diagnosis), six with gray-zone Z values in the first-time NIPT (retesting indicating low risk) and one having false negative result for trisomy 21 (confirmed by postnatal chromosome test). Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments less than 150 bp were effectively enriched using the modified magnetic bead screening and the concentration of cffDNA was increased from 4.43% (2.45%-17.61%) in routine NIPT to 13.46% (7.75%-36.64%) in the modified NIPT ( Z=-14.22, P<0.01). Results of the modified NIPT indicated that 13 cases with low cffDNA concentration of routine NIPT were successfully detected as low risk, as well as the risks in the six cases with gray-zone Z value and six of the 11 false-positive cases in the routine NIPT were low, which were consistent with the retest results of the routine NIPT, while high risk was found in one false-negative case. Conclusions:The modified NIPT could reduce the false positive rate by lowering the failure rate caused by low concentration of cffDNA and is able to identify false-negative cases. Compared with the routine NIPT, it shows a higher success rate and a lower false positive rate.

Familial bilateral pheochromocytoma: a case report / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Familial pheochromocytoma belongs to autosomal dominant inheritance, and has complex and variable clinical manifestations. A child with bilateral PHEO was admitted to our hospital. His grandmother, father and brother were all diagnosed with PHEO, and his aunt was diagnosed with paraganglioma. The child underwent laparoscopic left partial adrenalectomy and open surgery for the contralateral tumor, and was in good postoperative condition. The blood pressure returned to normal and there was no local recurrence and metastasis during the follow-up of 8 months after the second operation.

Association of cardiac structure and function with frailty in elderly inpatients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To assess whether cardiac structure and function are associated with frailty in elderly inpatients.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study.Inpatients aged 65 years or over, admitted to Beijing Hospital, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Beijing Tsinghua Changgeng Hospital, were consecutively recruited from September 2018 to April 2019.A total of 925 elderly inpatients were enrolled in the study, including 285 frailty patients and 640 non-frailty patients.Frailty was assessed with the Fried frailty phenotype.Clinical and echocardiographic data were collected.The association of cardiac structure and function with frailty was analyzed.Results:Compared with the non-frailty group, the frailty group was older, had lower body mass index, and had higher rates of heart failure, atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter, history of stroke/transient ischemic attack, renal insufficiency, and history of falls.N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)levels were higher while creatinine clearance and hemoglobin levels were lower(all P<0.05); The frailty group had a larger anterior-posterior left atrial diameter[(37.8±7.1)mm vs.(36.3±5.1)mm, t=-3.134, P=0.002]and a higher proportion with the left atrial anterior posterior diameter ≥45 mm[15.8%(45/285) vs.6.1%(39/640), χ2=22.452, P<0.001], a lower left ventricular ejection fraction[(60.1±9.5)% vs.(61.9±7.5)%, t=2.817, P=0.005]and a faster peak mitral inflow velocity[(0.8±0.3)cm/s vs.(0.7±0.2)cm/s, t=-2.675, P=0.003]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the left atrial anterior posterior diameter ≥45 mm was an independent correlation factor for frailty( OR=2.249, P=0.015). Increased age( OR=1.099, P<0.001), heart failure( OR=1.786, P=0.049), history of stroke/transient ischemic attack( OR=1.960, P=0.001)and decreased hemoglobin( OR=0.984, P=0.008)were independently associated with frailty. Conclusions:The left atrial anterior posterior diameter ≥45 mm and heart failure were independently associated with frailty.Assessing cardiac structure and function and screening for cardiovascular diseases in frailty patients should be emphasized.

The value of MRI enhancement amplitude in qualitative diagnosis of suspicious enhancement after neoadjuvant therapy in breast cancer / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the value of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI enhancement amplitude for qualitative diagnosis of suspicious residual enhancing lesions after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in breast cancer.Methods:In total, 168 suspicious residual enhancing lesions of 168 patients who received NAT at Peking University Cancer Hospital from January 2015 to June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into non-residual cancer group ( n=59) and residual cancer group ( n=109) according to pathological findings. Then 168 suspicious residual enhancing lesions were stratified according to molecular subtype and baseline enhancing morphology. According to the breast imaging reporting and data system, the morphology of enhancing lesions, the margin of mass-like enhancing lesions, and the distribution of non-mass-like enhancing lesions on MRI before NAT were recorded. The second phase (1 min 45 s-2 min after contrast injection) was used as the early phase, and the fifth phase (5-6 min after contrast injection) was used as the late phase to measure the signal intensity and time-signal intensity curve (TIC) of suspicious residual enhancing lesions, and the signal enhancement ratio (SER) was calculated. Independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and χ 2 test were used to compare the difference of SER and clinical features between the non-residual and residual cancer groups. The receiver operator characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of SER to determine residual cancer. Results:There are statistically significant differences in invasive ductal carcinoma grade, hormone receptor status, the morphology of enhancing lesion on baseline MRI and TIC type between non-residual and residual cancer groups ( P<0.05). The SER values of the non-residual cancer group in the early [31% (23%, 61%)] and late (72%±43%) enhanced phases were significantly lower than those of the residual cancer group [49% (28%, 71%), 88%±38%, Z=-2.26, t=-2.43, P=0.024, 0.016, respectively]. Among suspicious residual enhancing lesions with hormone receptor negative status and single mass-like morphology, the SER values of the non-residual cancer group in the early (33%±16%) and late [64% (42%, 74%)] enhanced phases were significantly lower than those of the residual cancer group [59%±30%, 84% (77%, 106%), t=-2.86, Z=-3.17, P=0.008, 0.001, respectively]. The area under the curve values of SER in differentiating suspicious residual enhancing lesions were statistically different between early and late enhanced phases (0.606 and 0.637, respectively, Z=2.16, P=0.031). Conclusion:For breast cancer after NAT, it is difficult to determine the suspicious residual enhancing lesions on MRI subjectively, especially the hormone receptor negative lesions with single mass, SER can be used as an auxiliary diagnostic method, and it is necessary for the analysis of late enhancement.

Clinical evaluation of vision therapy system 4 combined with traditional comprehensive training for ametropic amblyopia / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To assess the effectiveness of Vision Therapy System 4 (VTS4) combined with traditional comprehensive training for ametropic amblyopia.Methods:A non-randomized controlled clinical study was performed.A total of 168 children aged 4-10 years with ametropic amblyopia were enrolled in The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to March 2021.The children were assigned to conventional comprehensive training combined with Vision Therapy System 4 group (conventional+ VTS4 group) and conventional group according to the preference of their guardian.Patients in conventional+ VTS4 group (84 children) received conventional comprehensive training combined VTS4 and patients in conventional group (84 children) were treated with conventional comprehensive training only, and the intervention was continuously used for over a year.Best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the patients converted to the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (LogMAR) units was examined by international standard visual acuity chart before and after therapy.Spherical equivalent of the patients was detected by optometry under cycloplegic conditions and skiascopy.Binocular and fusion vision was examined with a synoptiscope.The stereopsis was evaluated using Titmus Stereogram.The ocular axial length (AL) and mean keratometry (Km) were measured with the IOLMaster 500.The basic cure rate, BCVA, reconstruction rate of stereopsis, △SE, △AL and △Km following training were compared to evaluate the effectiveness and myopic shift between two groups.The patients in conventional+ VTS4 group were divided into 4-5 years old group and 6-10 years old group, with 42 cases in each group, and the basic cure rate, BCVA, reconstruction rate of stereopsis were compared to evaluate the therapeutic effect between the two groups.The basic cure was defined as acuity improved to ≥0.9, with reduced myopic diopter and stable therapy outcome over 6 months.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University (No.2021-KY-0891-002). Written informed consent was obtained from guardians prior to any medical examination.Results:The basic cure rate of conventional+ VTS4 group was 58.33%(49/84), which was significantly higher than 40.48%(34/84) of conventional group ( χ2=5.358, P=0.021). The BCVA in the conventional+ VTS4 group was better than that in conventional group, showing a statistically significant difference ( Z=-2.537, P=0.011). The recovery rates of binocular vision, fusion vision and stereo vision were 87.93%(51/58), 78.33%(47/60) and 70.77%(46/65) in conventional+ VTS4 group, which were higher than 65.57%(40/61), 57.81%(37/64) and 52.86%(37/70) in conventional group, respectively, with significant differences between them ( χ2=8.259, 5.968, 4.566; all at P<0.05). No significant difference was found in △SE, △AL, and △Km between conventional group and conventional+ VTS4 group (all at P>0.05). The basic cure rate was 69.05%(29/42) in the children aged 4-5 years group, which was higher than 47.62%(20/42) in 6-10 years group, respectively, showing a significant difference ( χ2=3.967, P=0.046). Both BCVA and the stereo vision recovery rate in the 4-5 years old group were better than those in the 6-10 years old group ( Z=-2.046, P=0.041; χ2=4.624, P=0.032). Conclusions:A combination therapy of VTS4 and conventional comprehensive training can improve the visual acuity and reconstruct the fusion and stereopsis of children with ametropic amblyopia, without causing additional myopic drift.

A new pair of coumarin-like enantiomeric isomers from Gerbera piloselloides / 药学学报

Ten compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanol extract of the whole plant of Gerbera piloselloides by silica gel column chromatography, MCI column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC methods. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties, spectral data (UV, IR, MS and NMR), circular dichroism (CD) spectra and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis as 3′R-gerpilosecoumarin A (1a), 3′S-gerpilosecoumarin A (1b), gymnastone (2), gerberinside (3), divaricataester C (4), luteolin (5), caffeic acid methyl ester (6), ethyl chlorogenate (7), 6-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-7-methoxy-5-benzoranpropanoic acid methyl ester (8) and glucozaluzanin C (9). Among them, new compounds 1a and 1b were new compounds and optical enantiomers, which were obtained by chiral resolution, and their absolute configurations were determined by quantum chemical calculation ECD. Compounds 1 and 1a/1b significantly increased the survival of IEC-6 in rat small intestinal crypt epithelial cells after LPS injury.

Clinical characteristics comparation and adverse prognostic factors analysis between patients with new-onset acute heart failure and acutely decompensated chronic heart failure / 中华全科医师杂志

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors in patients with new-onset acute heart failure (AHF) and acutely decompensated chronic heart failure (ADCHF).Methods:Patients with heart failure (HF) admitted to Beijing Hospital during January 2009 to December 2017 with follow-up records were retrospectively enrolled. According to the duration of heart failure, the patients were divided into new-onset AHF group (duration of HF<1 month) and ADCHF group (duration of HF ≥1 month). Clinical data were collected and endpoint events (all-cause death and cardiovascular death) were recorded. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and the log-rank method was used to compare survival between different groups. The multivariate Cox regression model was used to analyze the independent risk factors for the end-point events in patients with new-onset AHF and ADCHF.Results:The study enrolled 562 patients,292 (52.0%) with new-onset AHF and 270 (48.0%) with ADCHF. Patients with new-onset AHF were more likely to have coronary heart disease, acute myocardial infarction, higher diastolic blood pressure and higher troponin I levels(χ2=12.999,15.018, t=-2.088, Z=-2.727; all P<0.05). Patients with ADCHF were more likely to have poor cardiac function, atrial fibrillation, larger left ventricle and left atrium diameter, higher proportion of patients with pulmonary hypertension(χ2=16.565, 15.688, t=2.714, 5.029, χ2=15.274; all P<0.05). There were 205 (36.5%) all-cause deaths and 132 (23.5%) cardiovascular deaths during 28 (14, 60) months of follow-up. All-cause mortality rate [33.2%(97/292) vs. 40.0%(108/270), log-rank P=0.010] and cardiovascular mortality rate [18.8%(55/292) vs. 28.5%(77/270), log-rank P=0.001]were significantly lower in patients with new-onset AHF than those in ADCHF group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that low body mass index (BMI), reduced hemoglobin, reduced resting heart rate, enlarged left atrium, and segmental wall motion abnormalities were independent risk factors for poor prognosis in new-onset AHF patients. It was different with ADCHF patients. Conclusion:Patients with new-onset AHF are more likely to have coronary heart disease; and lower BMI, reduced hemoglobin, acute coronary disease are associated with poor prognosis of patients. It is necessary to identify the underlying diseases early and actively standardize treatment to avoid the deterioration of cardiac function and readmission.

Analysis of hepatitis C virus infection status and risk factors among people in Chengdu / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection status and risk factors among people in some areas of Sichuan, so as to provide scientific theoretical basis for disease prevention and control. Methods A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select 79 132 permanent residents from 13 districts of Chengdu for anti-HCV testing and questionnaire survey. The distribution of anti-HCV positive was analyzed, and the risk factors of HCV infection were analyzed by case-control method. Results In this study, the investigation valid rate was 92.00% (72 805 / 79 132), and the overall anti-HCV positive rate was 0.82% (597/72805). The positive rate of anti-HCV in male was significantly higher than that in female (P2trend=31.257, P<0.001). Among different occupation groups, the positive rate of anti-HCV was the highest in farmer group (P<0.05), and was the lowest in student group (P<0.05). The districts with top 5 anti-HCV positive rates were Tianfu New District, Xindu District, Wenjiang District, Pidu District and Qingbaijiang District. The positive rate of anti-HCV in suburbs was significantly higher than that in main urban area (P<0.05). The ratio of HCV history, oral diagnosis and treatment history, invasive examination history, operation history, blood donation history, blood transfusion history, acupuncture history, tattoo history, syringes sharing history, toothbrush sharing, razor sharing and never using condom in the case group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Invasive examination, acupuncture, frequent sharing of toothbrush and razor were the high risk factors of HCV infection (P<0.05). Conclusion In Chengdu, the infection rate of HCV is relatively high among males, 51~ 60 years old, primary school and below, farmers and suburban population, moreover, invasive examination, acupuncture, frequent sharing of toothbrushes and razor are high risk factors for HCV infection. Therefore, health education on HCV infection-related knowledge and targeted intervention measures are of vital importance.

Clinical characteristics of heart failure with recovered ejection fraction / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To summarize the clinical characteristics of heart failure patients with recovered ejection fraction (HFrecEF) and identify variables capable of predicting left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) recovery. Methods: This case control study included patients with heart failure, who admitted to Department of Cardiology of Beijing Hospital from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2017. The patients were divided into 3 groups based on the baseline LVEF and changes of LVEF: heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF, baseline LVEF≤40%, follow-up LVEF≤40% or follow-up LVEF>40% but LVEF increase<10% from baseline), HFrecEF(baseline LVEF≤40%, follow-up LVEF>40% and increase≥10% from baseline), and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF, baseline LVEF>40%). Clinical data were collected and endpoint events (all-cause death, cardiovascular death and sudden death) were recorded. The Log-rank test was used to evaluate the differences of terminal events in different groups, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed. Logistic regression equation was used to identify prognostic factors of HFrecEF. Results: A total of 310 patients with heart failure were included. There were 91(29.4%) HFrEF patients, 38(12.3%) HFrecEF patients and 181(58.4%) HFpEF patients. Compared with HFrEF patients and HFpEF patients, HFrecEF patients were featured by younger age, more likely to be female, higher systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and resting heart rate (all P<0.05). Dilated cardiomyopathies were more common, while old myocardial infarctions were less common in HFrecEF (both P<0.05). During a median follow-up of 36.7(18.0, 63.9) months, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis found that HFrecEF patients had the lowest all-cause mortality (Log-rank P=0.047, HFrecEF vs. HFpEF P=0.017, HFrecEF vs. HFrEF P=0.016, and HFpEF vs. HFrEF P=0.782).The cardiovascular mortality ranged from low to high was in HFrecEF patients, HFpEF patients, and HFrEF patients (Log-rank P<0.001, HFrecEF vs. HFpEF P=0.029, HFrecEF vs. HFrEF P<0.001, HFrEF vs. HFpEF P=0.005). Sudden death rate was similar among the three groups (Log-rank P=0.520). Logistic regression analysis showed that left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD)≤55 mm (OR=5.922, 95%CI 1.685-20.812, P=0.006), higher diastolic blood pressure (OR=1.058, 95%CI 1.017-1.100, P=0.005), faster resting heart rate (OR=1.042, 95%CI 1.006-1.080, P=0.024), absence of old myocardial infarction (OR=5.343, 95%CI 1.731-16.488, P=0.004) were independent prognostic factors of LVEF recovery after clinical treatment. Conclusions: Patients with HFrecEF are associated with a better prognosis as compared to patients with HFrEF and HFpEF. LVEDD≤55 mm, higher diastolic blood pressure, faster heart rate,and absence of old myocardial infarction are independent prognostic factors of LVEF recovery after clinical treatment.

Short term efficacy of early postoperative intestinal microecological therapy for gastric cancer / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To study the short-term effect of early application of intestinal microecological therapy after gastric cancer surgery.Methods:A retrospective analysis was made on 96 patients with early and middle stage gastric cancer who underwent surgical treatment in the department of gastrointestinal surgery of Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital from June 1, 2020 to May 31, 2021. Among them, 48 patients in the observation group were given enteral nutrition support treatment in the early stage after operation and intestinal microecological preparation, while the control group of 48 patients in the early postoperative were given enteral nutrition support. The serum total protein, albumin, prealbumin and other nutrition related indexes and immune related indexes such as CD4 + , CD8 + , CD4 + /CD8 + were detected before and 7 days after operation. The clinical indexes such as the time of first anal exhaust and the incidence of infectious complications were recorded. Results:There was no significant difference between the two groups in preoperative serum total protein, albumin, prealbumin and immune related indexes such as CD4 + , CD8 + , CD4 + /CD8 + ( P>0.05). 7 days after operation, the above indexes in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The anal exhaust recovery time of observation group was faster ( P<0.05); There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative infectious complications between the two groups ( P>0.05). Conclusions:Early application of intestinal microecological agents in patients with gastric cancer after operation can significantly improve the nutritional status and immune function, promote the recovery of intestinal function, and will not increase the incidence of complications.

Prescription compatibility connotation and action mechanism of Siwu Decoction in treating primary dysmenorrhea / 中国中药杂志

The aim of this paper was to study the prescription compatibility connotation in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea(PD) and verify the mechanism as predicted by network pharmacology of Siwu Decoction(SWD). Mice PD model was constructed by using estradiol benzoate-oxytocin. PD mice were randomly divided into 8 groups, namely normal group, model group, positive group, complete formula group, Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-free group, Paeoniae Radix Alba-free group, volatile oil-free group, Chuan-xiong Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix-free group. Latent time, writhing times, inhibition rate, prostaglandin F_2_α(PGF_2_α) and prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2) levels in serum, endothelin-1, Ca~(2+), expression levels of prostaglandin synthase 2 G/H(PTGS2), estrogen receptor(ESR1), glucocorticoid receptor gene(NR3 C1) mRNA and protein expression levels in the uterus homogenate and pathological changes of uterine tissue were index to explore the prescription compatibility connotation and verify the mechanism of SWD in the treatment of PD. Compared with the extraction liquid of the whole recipe, the effect of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata-free group and Paeoniae Radix Alba-free group with volatile oil were slightly lower, the effect of essential oil-free group was significantly lower, and the effect of Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Angelicae Sinensis Radix-free group was worse than that of the whole recipe. The relative expression levels of PTGS2 protein and mRNA were significantly reduced by the SWD. The relative expressions of protein and mRNA of ESR1, NR3 C1 were significantly increased. SWD treats PD by regulating the expression of key proteins PTGS2, ESR1 and NR3 C1.Its main medicinal herbs were Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma. Active components were mainly in volatile oil, but Paeo-niae Radix Alba and Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata also had some contributions.

Expression of Versican and Its Related Molecules in Patient with Multiple Myeloma and Its Clinical Significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression and clinical significant of VCAN and its related molecules in patients with MM.@*METHODS@#Ficoll density gradient centrifugation method was used to speared the bone marrow mononuclear cell in 25 cases of MM before and after treatment, the relative mRNA expression of VCAN and their related molecules (FAK, FN, MK, and HAS) in bone marrow was detected by real-time quantitative PCR, and their protein expression was determined by Western bolt.@*RESULTS@#The expression of VCAN, FK and FN in the effective group after treatment was significantly lower than that before treatment (P＜0.05), however, the expression of MK and HAS showed no statistically significantly different before and after treatment (P＜0.05). The expression of VCAN of patients in non remission group was significantly higher than that in control group (P＜0.05). The expression of FAK and FN of patients in no remission group was significant increased as compared with the patients in newly diagnosed group (P＜0.05). The relative expression of VCAN mRNA in the patients at 3rd stage was significantly higher than those at the 1st stage (P＜0.05) and control group but showed no significant difference to the patients at 2nd stage (P＜0.05). The expression of VCAN and its related proteins (FAK, MK, FN) showed positively correlation in bone marrow mononuclear cells of MM patients (P＜0.05). The correlation between VCAN and HAS was not statistically significant (r=0.259，P＞0.05). Survival analysis showed that the relative expression of VCAN mRNA was associated with OS (P=0.049) and PFS (P=0.041) in MM patients.@*CONCLUSION@#VCAN and its related molecules are highly expressed in MM patients; VCAN may act as potential biomarker in the development of multiple myeloma.

Application of negative pressure drainage in the treatment of duodenal stump fistula after gastrectomy / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To explore the role of negative pressure drainage in the treatment of duodenal stump fistula after gastrectomy.Methods:The data of 36 patients with duodenal stump fistula admitted in our department from January 2016 to January 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. According to the drainage mode of patients with intestinal fistula, the patients were divided into negative pressure drainage group (observation group) and conventional rubber tube drainage group (control group), 18 cases in each group. The incidence of complications and healing time of intestinal fistula in the two groups were observed.Results:There was no significant difference ( P>0.05) in the incidence of complications between the observation group (5.56%) and the control group (11.11%). There was a significant difference in the mean healing time between the observation group [(12.83±6.25)days] and the control group [(23.33±4.64)days] ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Negative pressure drainage is beneficial to the healing of duodenal stump fistula, and does not improve the incidence of postoperative complications. It is safe and effective. It can be used as a conventional drainage for gastrectomy.

Current development of gene editing / 生物工程学报

As the breakthrough in gene editing, represented by CRISPR/Cas9, gene manipulations now are more maneuverable, economically feasible and time saving. It is possible for China to catch an overtaking in researching and industrializing of downside sections (especially the application of plant gene editing), also the incubation of professional companies in gene editing fields. For this consideration, it is necessary and urgent to find the key demands and potential application for gene editing in China. Questionnaire and statistic analysis were carried out to find the key demands and the most potential application fields of the development for gene editing. Firstly, an ordered multi-classification Logistic regression model was established following with dependent variable analysis. Eight out of 24 questionnaires questions in 4 categories were regarded as independent variables with significance test. Then, regression model based on ordered multi-classification logistic method was established to analyze the specific impact of different options on the development of gene editing. The results showed that most researchers in the field of gene editing take the view that development of potential competitive advantages lies in the field of plant science. The results also showed that major gene editing experts believe more attention should be paid on how to carry out technology industrialization while focusing on basic technology development, as well as the development of potential competitive advantages of gene editing technology in plant field. To promote the development of gene editing in China, not only the participation of scientific research institution was needed, but also the synergy of various forces both universities and governments. It is urgent both properly guiding public opinion on gene editing and establishing a national safety standard system. At the same time, the key point of technology risk avoidance should be put on biological weapons and bioterrorism, gene editing related infectious disease, and the potential risk of species genetic change on the ecological environment, etc.

Preparation of Periplaneta americana Thermosensitive Hydrogel and Investigation of Its Wound Healing Effect on Diabetic Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To prepare Periplaneta americana thermosensitive hydrogel and investigate its effect on wound healing in diabetic rats. Method:Taking N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylic acid (AAc) as monomers, thermosensitive poly(NIPAM-co-AAc) [P(NIPAM-co-AAc)] polymeric material was prepared by free radical polymerization, then thermoresponsive copolymer P(NIPAM-co-AAc)-g-HA was synthesized by conjugating P(NIPAM-co-AAc) to hyaluronic acid (HA). The structure and lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the graft copolymer were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV). P. americana thermosensitive hydrogel was prepared by dialysis method, and it was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), rotation rheometer and thermogravimetric analyzer to observe section structure, rheological properties and thermal stability. Differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy were employed to identify the inclusion of P(NIPAM-co-AAc)-g-HA temperature sensitive material for P. americana extract, and to investigate the effect of P. americana thermosensitive hydrogel on wound healing in diabetic rats, and the rate of wound healing was calculated by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological changes of the wounds of rats in each group. Result:P(NIPAM-co-AAc)-g-HA temperature sensitive material was successfully synthesized, its LCST was between 29 ℃ and 31 ℃, it had a dense and uniform porous structure and could uniformly include P. americana extract. Pharmacodynamic studies showed that P. americana thermosensitive hydrogel group had the best effect on promoting wound healing, its infiltration degree of inflammatory cells was significantly reduced, collagen and fibroblasts arranged neatly and compactly, and the density of neovascularization was significantly increased by comparing with the model group. Conclusion:P. americana thermosensitive hydrogel can effectively promote wound healing of diabetic rats and overcome the shortage of marketed P. americana liquid preparations, this paper can provide a reference for the development of P. americana extract preparations to promote wound healing in diabetic patients.

Antitumor status analysis on the co-delivery systems regarding the active ingredients of Chinese herbs combined with chemotherapeutic drugs / 药学学报

Anti-tumor intervention using a combination of drugs shows unique advantages in research and clinical practice. Active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines can offer many advantages, such as high efficiency, low toxicity, wide effect and multiple targets. At present, the combination active ingredients of Chinese herbal and chemotherapy drugs have attracted increased attention. Nano-drug delivery system provides a good carrier platform for anti-tumor drugs. Nano-carrier-mediated drug combination is a promising strategy. In this paper, we review the mechanisms of the anti-tumor effects of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine combined with chemotherapeutic drugs and consider the advantages of drug-loaded nanoparticles, the types and characteristics of carriers. The aim is to provide a reference for the research of effective regimen for anti-tumor therapy.

Spectrum-effect relationship between UPLC fingerprint of Smilax china and anti-pelvic inflammation in rats / 中国中药杂志

To study the correlation between ultra high performance liquid chromatography( UPLC) fingerprint of Smilax china and its anti-pelvic inflammatory effect,and to explore the pharmacodynamic material basis of S. china against pelvic inflammatory disease.UPLC fingerprints of 10 batches of S. china from different habitats were established,and the values of SOD,MDA,TNF-α,and IL-6 in rats with pelvic inflammation were measured. The weight of each single pharmacodynamics index to the total efficacy was determined by analytic hierarchy process,and the contribution of each peak in fingerprints to the each single pharmacodynamics index and total efficacy was analyzed by the grey relational analysis. Then the structures of chemical constituents at the identified peaks were confirmed by comparing with the reference substance. The 27 common characteristic peaks of UPLC fingerprints were all related to the anti-pelvic inflammation effect of S. china,of which 13 peaks were identified as peak 2( 3,5-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzoic acid-3-O-glucoside),peak 3( chlorogenic acid),peak 5( 2,7,4-trihydroxydihydroflavone-5-O-glucoside),peak 6( 7,4-dihydroxydihydroflavonol-5-O-glucoside),peak 7( taxifolin-7-O-glucoside),peak 9( taxifolin),peak 10( polydatin),peak 11( oxyresveratrol),peak 12( astilbin),peak15( resveratrol),peak 16( quercitrin),peak 18( engeletin) and peak 24( kaempferol). The correlation degree of 21 peaks and the total efficacy was greater than 0. 8,and the top 10 ranked by correlation degree were as follows: peak 1,3,7,19,18,17,4,11,16,and 21. The results showed that the anti-pelvic inflammation effect of S. china was achieved by the combined action of pharmacodynamic substances. In order to control the quality of S. china and its prepared slices more effectively,the index components of content detection should be selected reasonably.

Research progress on anti-tumor effects and mechanisms of triptolide and its combined application / 中国中药杂志

Tumors are major chronic diseases and seriously threaten human health all over the world. How to effectively control and cure tumors is one of the most pivotal problems in the medical field. At present,surgery,radiotherapy and chemotherapy are still the main treatment methods. However,the side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy cannot be underestimated. Therefore,it is of great practical significance to find new anti-cancer drugs with low toxicity,high efficiency and targeting to cancer cells. With the increasing incidence of tumor,the anti-tumor effect of traditional Chinese medicine has increasingly become a research hotspot. Triptolide,which is a natural diterpenoid active ingredient derived from of Tripterygium wilfordii,as one of the highly active components,has anti-inflammatory,immunosuppressive,anti-tumor and other multiple effects. A large number of studies have confirmed that it has good anti-tumor activity against various tumors in vivo and in vitro. It can play an anti-tumor role by inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells,inducing apoptosis of cancer cells,inducing autophagy of cancer cells,blocking the cell cycle,inhibiting the migration,invasion and metastasis of cancer cells,reversing multidrug resistance,mediating tumor immunity and inhibiting angiogenesis. On the basis of literatures,this paper reviews the anti-tumor effect and mechanism of triptolide,and analyzes the current situation of triptolide combined with other chemotherapy drugs,in order to promote deep research and better clinical application about triptolide.